ORIGINAL ARTICLE   Open access

Minerva Dental and Oral Science 2024 August;73(4):230-7

DOI: 10.23736/S2724-6329.24.04979-9

Copyright © 2024 THE AUTHORS

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language: English

Craniofacial morphology in patients with impacted canine: a case control-study

Domenico CIAVARELLA ¹, Mauro LORUSSO ¹ ✉, Martina LEONE ¹, Donatella FERRARA ¹, Carlotta FANELLI ¹, Gaetano ILLUZZI ¹, Eleonora ORTU ², Lorenzo LO MUZIO ¹, Michele TEPEDINO ³

¹ Dental School of Foggia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; ² Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy; ³ Dental School of L’Aquila, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of maxillary canine impaction through cephalometric evaluation.
METHODS: One hundred and eighty-two Caucasian patients (80 males and 102 females) with a mean age of 12.4±0.5 were retrospectively enrolled in the present study. Ninety patients with impacted canines were compared with ninety-two patients with physiologically erupted canines. The following cephalometric variables were analyzed: SNA, ANB, SN-GOME, GO-ME, SP-CL, SELLA TURCICA DEPHT, A-Pt LINE, B-Pt LINE, A-Pt LINE°, B-Pt LINE°, A1s-Pt, A1i-Pt, A1s-Pt°, A1i-PT°, A-SN, B-SN and SN-U1. When applicable, a paired sample t-test was performed to investigate the difference in means between the two sample groups, while the Mann-Whitney Test was used as a non-parametric test in the case of a non-normal distribution of data. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.
RESULTS: The group with impacted canines showed an increase in Go-Me distance, SNA angle and A1s-Pt angle compared with the control group. In addition, the same group showed a decrease in A-SN and SP-Cl distance compared with the control group.
CONCLUSIONS: An increase in mandibular length (GO-ME) and SNA angle associated with a reduction in A-Sn distance and interclinoid distance (SP-Cl) were observed in patients with impacted canines.

KEY WORDS: Impacted tooth; Cuspid; Growth and development; Ectopic tooth eruption